What Was Postmodernism?

During the last decades of the twentieth century, a series of debates erupted across the fields of art and design. At issue was a range of styles and ideas labeled “postmodern.” These new approaches were so multifaceted that they remain difficult to group into a single movement: postmodernists found inspiration in both social activism and commercial culture, theoretical detachment and bodily sensation. During this period, many artists, architects, and designers came to agree that modernism had somehow become “exhausted.” Ironically, though, postmodernism itself ran out of steam before the close of the century.
This graduate seminar surveys the rise and fall of postmodernism, with an eye to its afterlives in the present. Course readings and screenings are arranged into three thematic, loosely chronological parts: Part 1 reaches as far back as the eighteenth century, Part 2 concentrates on the 1960s and ’70s, and Part 3 covers the ’80s and ’90s. Lectures focus on art, architecture, and design while referencing parallel developments in politics and popular culture. Student performance is evaluated via weekly discussion questions, two reading presentations, and two response essays. Glenn Adamson and Jane Pavitt’s Postmodernism: Style and Subversion 1970–1990 (2011), identified below as “A& P,” will act as our our textbook during the second half of the course.
Introduction
W1
- Donald Barthelme, “Our Work and Why We Do It” (1976)
1.
Modernisms and Anti-Modernisms
W 2
- David Harvey, from The Condition of Postmodernity: An Enquiry into the Origins of Cultural Change (1990)
— ch. 2: Modernity and Modernism
W 3
- Paul Gilroy, from The Black Atlantic: Modernity and Double Consciousness (1993)
— ch. 1: The Black Atlantic as a Counterculture of Modernity
— ch. 2: Masters, Mistresses, Slaves, and the Antinomies of Modernity
W 4
- David Harvey, from The Condition of Postmodernity… (1990)
— ch. 5: Modernization - Jürgen Habermas, “Modernity, an Incomplete Project” (1983)
W 5
- Michel Foucault, “Genealogy and Social Criticism” (1972)
- Michel Foucault and Gilles Deleuze, “Intellectuals and Power” (1972)
- Roland Barthes, “Death of the Author” (1977)
W 6
- [screening] Eli Noyes and Claudia Weill, IDCA 1970 (1970)
- Wim Crouwel and Jan van Toorn, from The Debate (1972)
— Introduction and Transcript - Sheila Levrant de Bretteville, “A Reexamination of Some Aspects of the Design Arts from the Perspective of a Woman Designer” (1972)
2.
Consumer Aesthetics
W 7
- Susan Sontag, “Notes on ‘Camp’” (1964)
- Andy Warhol, from The Philosophy of Andy Warhol (1975)
— ch. 1–2: Love (Puberty), Love (Prime)
— ch. 5– 6: Fame, Work
W 8
- Robert Venturi, Denise Scott Brown, and Steven Izenour, from Learning from Las Vegas: The Forgotten Symbolism of Architectural Form (1972/77)
— Part I: A Significance for A& P Parking Lots… - Rem Koolhaas, from Delirious New York: A Retroactive Manifesto for Manhattan (1978)
— Introduction and ch. 1: Coney Island: The Technology of the Fantastic - A& P: pp. 32–39
W 9
- [screening] Massimo Magri (for Ettore Sottsass), Environment (1972)
- Andrea Branzi, from The Hot House: Italian New Wave Design (1984)
— ch. 6 –7: Pop Realism, Radical Architecture
— ch. 14 –15: Decorative Design, Banal Design - Ross Elfline, “Discotheques, Magazines and Plexiglas: Superstudio and the Architecture of Mass Culture” (2011)
- A& P: pp. 40–50
W10
- [screening] from Philip Glass and Robert Wilson, Einstein on the Beach (1975)
- Fredric Jameson, “Postmodernism, or, the Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism” (1984)
3.
Theory Wars
W11
- [screenings] from Benjamin Whalley, Synth Britannia (2009) and Gary Bredow, High Tech Soul: The Creation of Techno Music (2006)
- Jean-François Lyotard, from The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge (1979)
— Introduction and The Field: Knowledge in Computerized Societies - Jean Baudrillard, “Simulacra and Simulations” (1981)
- A& P: pp. 50–61
W12
- [screening] from Chad Freidrichs, The Pruitt-Igoe Myth (2011)
- Barbara Christian, “The Race for Theory” (1987)
- bell hooks, “Postmodern Blackness” (1990)
W13
- François Cusset, from French Theory: How Foucault, Derrida, Deleuze & Co. Transformed the Intellectual Life of the United States (2008)
— Introduction and ch. 7: The Ideological Backlash - Paul Rand, “Confusion and Chaos: the Seduction of Contemporary Graphic Design” (1992)
- Steven Heller, “Cult of the Ugly” (1994)
- A& P: pp. 62–69
W14
- François Cusset, from French Theory… (2008)
— Preface to the English Edition
— ch. 9–10: Students and Users, Art Practices - A& P: pp. 69–85
W15
- Robin Kinross, “Fellow Readers: Notes on Multiplied Language” (1994)
- Ann Burdick and Louise Sandhaus, “Know Questions Asked” (1995)
- Ellen Lupton, “A Postmortem on Deconstruction?” (1994)
- A& P: pp. 88–95